Why
condition your water?
Depending on the area in which you
live, your water might not be of the quality you desire for bathing,
laundering, cooking, cleaning or drinking. It might taste or smell bad, stain
your plumbing fixtures, or be so hard that it leaves mineral deposits. No
matter where you live, your water will probably need to be treated in some way
to be of the highest quality for all uses. It is simple and economical to
improve the quality of your water at the point of entry to your home.
What is hard water?
According to the U.S. Geological Survey, moderately hard
to hard water (3.5 to 10.5 gpg) occurs in over half of the homes in the U.S.
Hardness is caused by minerals dissolved in the water, such as calcium and
magnesium. Both these minerals can be removed by water conditioning equipment.
You'll probably know if you have hard water. Soap lathers very little,
if at all. And instead of rinsing clean, it combines with the minerals in your
water and leaves "soap scum" on surfaces, skin, hair and clothing. When hard
water is heated, you'll notice a mineral deposit which appears as a hard scale
on your cooking utensils, tea kettles, etc.
If you want to find out how
hard your water really is, a water softening equipment dealer can tell you it's
exact condition. Water hardness is usually measured in grains per gallon (gpg).
The table above is an analysis according to the U.S. Department of the Interior
and Water Quality Association standards.

How
can you get softened water?
The most efficient and
economical way to soften your water is by purchasing or renting a permanently
installed water softening appliance. Water softeners filter out sediment and
remove dissolved hardness minerals by a process called ion exchange. This
process substitutes sodium ions for the calcium ions present in hard water.
The best water softeners are completely automatic, self-recharging, and
provide a virtually unlimited supply of soft water. Salt for recharging may be
delivered on a regular basis by your dealer, so that ownership can be
essentially hassle-free.
Some automatic softeners recharge on a pre-set
schedule which is controlled by a time clock. Most, however, recharge on a
metered basis, initiating recharging of the water softener prior to the water
becoming hard. They are more efficient in operation and provide a substantial
savings on salt and water. If you do not wish to invest in a water softener,
you can rent the same type of equipment. In this situation, the dealer owns the
equipment and has the responsibility of its maintenance Frequently part of the
rental cost may be applied toward purchase.
Even though water softeners
have the capability of removing small amounts of iron and manganese from your
water in addition to the hardness, they should not be installed as sediment
filters.

Problems of iron, sulfur & bad taste?
Iron in the water supply ruins its taste and stains plumbing fixtures
and laundry. Sulfur (hydrogen sulfide gas) in water makes it smell like rotten
eggs. It rusts or corrodes plumbing and turns silverware black.
Iron
filters can easily rid your water of iron and sulfur. The process involves a
simple operation in which mineral rich water is forced through an aeration
tank. Here, these dissolved minerals are converted into tiny particles which
circulate in the system for enough time to grow to a size where they are
trapped in a filter. In this way, the highest level of dissolved minerals can
easily be removed from your water.

What
to look for when you buy?
Buying a water softener is a
little more involved than buying the average appliance. First, a sample of
water should be taken and then analyzed to determine if water conditioning
equipment is needed.
Water hardness must be determined because it is
directly related to the size of equipment necessary. It is also important to
determine whether other water impurities, such as iron, are present, and in
what amount. For example, high iron content may interfere with the operation of
a standard water softener. In this case an iron filter may be necessary. If
even a small amount of sulfur is found, it still may be desirable to treat the
water to avoid corrosion, tarnishing and odor.
Another factor
influencing the size of water conditioning equipment is the amount of water
used in the home. This can be estimated by the number of people in the
household.

Selecting the right equipment?
In buying a
water conditioner, allow for family growth and for guests. It is better to have
equipment that is oversized, rather than undersized to avoid problems of
insufficient flow during period of high water usage. Price should never be the
primary consideration for selection of equipment. Larger or metered units may
cost less to operate and be more efficient.
When choosing a water
conditioner, look for equipment that has been validated by the State of
Wisconsin. The State has judged that the equipment complies with the
specifications of the industry standards for water conditioners.